Timeline

30 historical events

region:
1908 — 1925

Mexicali Red-Light District Era

Mexico, Baja California, US-Mexico Border
border studiessocial historygamblingprostitution
1940-03-09 — 1940-07-13

Salazar Viniegra Morphine Dispensary Experiment

Mexico City, Mexico
public healthdrug policylegalizationcounterfactual
1948 — 1958

La Violencia

Colombia
civil warpartisan violencedisplacement
1948-02-25

Founding of ECLAC (CEPAL)

Latin America
institutionsdevelopment economics
1948-04-09

Assassination of Gaitán and the Bogotazo

Colombia
assassinationurban uprisingpopulism
1959-01-01 — 1959-01-08

Triumph of the Cuban Revolution

Cuba, Caribbean
revolutionCold War
1964

Founding of FARC

Colombia
guerrilla warfareFARCMarxismagrarian conflict
1969-09-21 — 1969-10-11

Operation Intercept

US-Mexico Border, United States, Mexico
Nixondrug policyborder enforcement
1977 — 1987

Operation Condor (Mexico)

Sinaloa, Durango, Chihuahua, Mexico
counter-narcoticsmilitary operationsherbicide sprayingdisplacementDEA
1980 — 1989

Formation of the Guadalajara Cartel

Jalisco, Sinaloa, Mexico
cartelsorganized crimecocaineGuadalajara Cartel
1985-02-07 — 1985-03-05

The Camarena Affair

Jalisco, Mexico, United States
DEACamarenacartelsGuadalajara Cartel
1992-01-06

Article 27 Counter-Reform

Mexico
land reformneoliberalismArticle 27counter-reform
1993

Ciudad Juárez Femicides

Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico
femicidegender violencemaquiladoraimpunity
1994-01-01

NAFTA Implementation

Mexico, United States, Canada
NAFTAtrade liberalizationdumpingrural displacement
1994-01-01

Zapatista Uprising

Chiapas, Mexico
EZLNindigenous rightsinsurgencyautonomyWomen's Revolutionary Law
1997 — 1999

Formation of Los Zetas

Tamaulipas, Mexico
GAFEmilitary desertioncartelsUS military training
2006-12 — 2012-12

Calderón Launches Military Offensive Against Cartels

Mexico
military operationsdrug policycounter-narcotics
2007 — 2019

CICIG in Guatemala (2007–2019)

Guatemala
anti-corruptionUnited Nationsinstitutional reform
2008 — 2012

Juárez War

Chihuahua, Mexico, US-Mexico Border
cartel warorganized crimeviolence
2008-01

Beltrán Leyva Organization Splits from Sinaloa Cartel

Mexico, Guerrero, Morelos
cartel fragmentationorganized crime
2010-02

Gulf Cartel-Zetas Split

Tamaulipas, Mexico
cartelscartel fragmentation
2010-08 — 2011-04

San Fernando Massacres

Tamaulipas, Mexico
massacremigrationhuman rightscartels
2011-03

Allende Massacre

Coahuila, Mexico
massacreDEAstate failurehuman rights
2011-04-15

Cherán Uprising and Autonomous Self-Government

Michoacán, Mexico
Purépechaautodefensasusos y costumbresland defense
2012 — 2015

Fragmentation of Los Zetas

Tamaulipas, Coahuila, Mexico
cartel fragmentationorganized crime
2013-02 — 2014

Michoacán Autodefensa Uprising

Michoacán, Mexico
autodefensasself-defenseorganized crimestate failure
2014-09-26

Disappearance of 43 Ayotzinapa Students

Guerrero, Mexico
disappearancesstate violenceorganized crimehuman rights
2021

Ecuador Security Crisis

Ecuador
prison massacrescartelsstate failurearmed conflict
2024-03-08

Conviction of Juan Orlando Hernández

Honduras, United States
narco-stateconvictionUS drug war
2024-07

Sinaloa Cartel Fractures After Mayo Zambada Capture

Sinaloa, Mexico
cartel fragmentationorganized crimeviolence